Where is tourettes located

A child with TD can usually function well at home and in a regular classroom. In some cases, a child may need special classes, psychotherapy, or medicine.

These may be choices if:. A treatment called comprehensive behavioral intervention for tics can help children deal with tics and reduce tics. Many children who have TD also have attention problems.

Some have trouble in school. Other conditions commonly seen in children with TD include behavior problems, mood changes, social challenges, and trouble sleeping. Your healthcare provider may advise genetic counseling. You can discuss with a counselor the risk for Tourette disorder in a future pregnancy.

Health Home Conditions and Diseases. What causes Tourette disorder in a child? Which children are at risk for Tourette disorder? TD affects more boys than girls. What are the symptoms of Tourette disorder in a child? Examples include: Head jerking Squinting Blinking Shrugging Grimacing Nose-twitching Repeated foot tapping, leg jerking, scratching, or other movements Complex tics include: Kissing Pinching Sticking out the tongue or lip-smacking Touching behaviors Making rude gestures TD also includes one or more vocal tics such as: Grunting or moaning sounds Barking Tongue clicking Sniffing Hooting Saying rude things Throat clearing, snorting, or coughing Squeaking noises Hissing Spitting Whistling Gurgling Echoing sounds or phrases repeatedly Tic behaviors change over time.

They also vary in how often they occur. How is Tourette disorder diagnosed in a child? Although there may be a few genes with substantial effects, it is also possible that many genes with smaller effects and environmental factors may play a role in the development of Tourette syndrome. Information about how to locate a genetics professional is provided in the Living With section. Treatment Treatment. Many individuals with Tourette syndrome have mild symptoms and do not require medication.

Neuroleptics are the most consistently useful medications for tic suppression; a number are available but some are more effective than others for example, haloperidol and pimozide. Unfortunately, there is no one medication that is helpful to all people with Tourette syndrome, nor does any medication completely eliminate symptoms. In addition, all medications have side effects. Additional medications with demonstrated efficacy include alpha-adrenergic agonists such as clonidine and guanfacine.

These medications are used primarily for hypertension but are also used in the treatment of tics. Recent research shows that stimulant medications such as methylphenidate and dextroamphetamine can lessen ADHD symptoms in people with Tourette syndrome without causing tics to become more severe. It can help with accompanying problems, such as ADHD, obsessions, depression and anxiety. Therapy can also help people cope with Tourette syndrome. For debilitating tics that don't respond to other treatment, deep brain stimulation DBS may help.

DBS consists of implanting a battery-operated medical device neurostimulator in the brain to deliver electrical stimulation to targeted areas that control movement.

Further research is needed to determine whether DBS is beneficial for people with Tourette syndrome. Prognosis Prognosis. Statistics Statistics. It is estimated that , Americans have the most severe form of Tourette syndrome, and as many as one in exhibit milder and less complex symptoms such as chronic motor or vocal tics or transient tics of childhood. Do you have updated information on this disease?

Find a Specialist Find a Specialist. Healthcare Resources To find a medical professional who specializes in genetics, you can ask your doctor for a referral or you can search for one yourself. You can also learn more about genetic consultations from MedlinePlus Genetics. Research Research. Clinical Research Resources ClinicalTrials. Click on the link to go to ClinicalTrials.

Please note: Studies listed on the ClinicalTrials. We strongly recommend that you talk with a trusted healthcare provider before choosing to participate in any clinical study. Organizations Organizations. Organizations Supporting this Disease. Do you know of an organization? Living With Living With. Community Resources The Job Accommodation Network JAN has information on workplace accommodations and disability employment issues related to this condition. Department of Labor.

Learn More Learn More. Where to Start MedlinePlus was designed by the National Library of Medicine to help you research your health questions, and it provides more information about this topic. This website is maintained by the National Library of Medicine. Click on the link to view information on this topic.

NORD is a patient advocacy organization for individuals with rare diseases and the organizations that serve them. General Information. In-Depth Information GeneReviews provides current, expert-authored, peer-reviewed, full-text articles describing the application of genetic testing to the diagnosis, management, and genetic counseling of patients with specific inherited conditions.

Researchers suspect that changes in other genes, which have not been identified, are also associated with Tourette syndrome. The inheritance pattern of Tourette syndrome is unclear. Although the features of this condition can cluster in families, many genetic and environmental factors are likely to be involved. Among family members of an affected person, it is difficult to predict who else may be at risk of developing the condition. Tourette syndrome was previously thought to have an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance , which suggests that one mutated copy of a gene in each cell would be sufficient to cause the condition.

Several decades of research have shown that this is not the case. Almost all cases of Tourette syndrome probably result from a variety of genetic and environmental factors, not changes in a single gene.

Genetics Home Reference has merged with MedlinePlus. Learn more. The information on this site should not be used as a substitute for professional medical care or advice. Contact a health care provider if you have questions about your health. Tourette syndrome. From Genetics Home Reference. Links with this icon indicate that you are leaving the CDC website.

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