Where is sugar removed from the blood

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This article is from the free online. The question arises: do different animals' eating habits influence CHC22's role in controlling blood sugar? The evolutionary history of CHC22 in a number of different animals could reveal what is special about glucose transport after a meal in humans, and how it might fail in diabetes. By analyzing the genomes of several different species, Fumagalli et al.

Afterwards, it was lost by some animals — including mice, sheep and pigs. Fumagalli et al. A new form of CHC22, which first appeared in ancient humans, is less effective at holding the glucose transporter inside muscle and fat — leading to a tendency to reduce blood sugar levels. This new form became more common in humans over a period witnessing the introduction of cooking, and later farming; both of these technologies are associated with increased sugar in the diet.

But not everyone has this new variant of the gene — both the old and newer variants are present in people today. The history of CHC22 suggests that it was useful for early humans to hold the glucose transporter inside muscle and fat, keeping blood sugar levels high, which contributed to the development of a large brain. This process is called ketogenesis. The hormone signal for ketogenesis to begin is a low level of insulin.

Ketones are burned as fuel by muscle and other body organs. And the sugar is saved for the organs that need it. Take a moment to review the definitions and illustrations above. When you have diabetes, these processes can be thrown off balance, and if you fully understand what is happening, you can take steps to fix the problem.

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