Where is conglomerate deposited

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View More. Geology of Ohio. Conglomerate is made up mostly of subrounded to rounded clasts. However, breccia is made up mostly of subangular to angular clasts. Sedimentary clasts can be angular or rounded. What determines the difference? They both start out at an outcrop a location where a rock unit is exposed at Earth's surface. This outcrop is known as the "source area" for the clasts. In the source area, chemical and physical weathering act upon the rock, causing it to break or disintegrate into smaller pieces.

These pieces are usually subangular to angular. If the clasts accumulate near the outcrop and form into a rock, that rock will have angular pieces and be a breccia. However, if the pieces are transported by a stream or the action of waves, the clasts will be abraded against one another and against other clasts on the bottom of the stream. That abrasion will - over time - cause their angular shapes to become subrounded to rounded.

If the rounded clasts are deposited and formed into a rock, that rock with rounded clasts will be a conglomerate. The difference between conglomerate and breccia is in the transportation history of their clasts.

Red Conglomerate: This photograph shows a portion of a dimension stone slab that was cut from a red conglomerate. The conglomerate is composed of well-rounded clasts of quartz and sedimentary rocks of various sizes and kinds along with a fine-grained matrix.

To work well as a dimension stone, this conglomerate would have to be bound tightly with a very competent cement. If competent, this material would make spectacular wall panels, flooring tiles, stair treads, and other architectural elements. Conglomerate has very few commercial uses.

Its inability to break cleanly makes it a poor candidate for dimension stone, and its variable composition makes it a rock of unreliable physical strength and durability. Conglomerate can be crushed to make a fine aggregate that can be used where a low-performance material is suitable.

Many conglomerates are colorful and attractive rocks, but they are rarely used as an ornamental stone. Analysis of conglomerate can sometimes be used as a prospecting tool. For example, most diamond deposits are hosted in kimberlite.

If a conglomerate contains clasts of kimberlite, then the source of that kimberlite must be upstream of the location where the kimberlite clast was deposited. That sounds simple, but the kimberlite clast might have been deposited a few million years ago in a different landscape - but people have been successful in using this type of clue to successfully locate a diamond deposit. Paraconglomerates are commonly either glacial tills or debris flow deposits.

Orthoconglomerates are tyipically associated with aqueous currents of some sort. Conglomerates are also classified according to the composition of their clasts. A conglomerate or any clastic sedimentary rock that consists of a single rock or mineral is known as either a monomict, monomictic, oligomict , or oligomictic conglomerate.

If the conglomerate consists of two or more different types of rocks, minerals, or combination of both, it is known as either a polymict or polymictic conglomerate. If a polymictic conglomerate contains an assortment of the clasts of metastable and unstable rocks and minerals, it called either a petromict or petromictic conglomerate. In addition, conglomerates are classified by source as indicated by the lithology of the gravel-size clasts If these clasts consist of rocks and minerals that are significantly different in lithology from the enclosing matrix and, thus, older and derived from outside the basin of deposition, the conglomerate is known as an extraformational conglomerate.

If these clasts consist of rocks and minerals that are identical to or consistent with the lithology of the enclosing matrix and, thus, penecontemporaneous and derived from within the basin of deposition, the conglomerate is known as an intraformational conglomerate.

Two recognized types of type of intraformational conglomerates are shale-pebble and flat-pebble conglomerates. A shale-pebble conglomerate is a conglomerate that is composed largely of clasts of rounded mud chips and pebbles held together by clay minerals and created by erosion within environments such as within a river channel or along a lake margin.

Flat-pebble conglomerates edgewise conglomerates are conglomerates that consist of relatively flat clasts of lime mud created by either storms or tsunami eroding a shallow sea bottom or tidal currents eroding tidal flats along a shoreline. Finally, conglomerates are often differentiated and named according to the dominant clast size comprising them.

In this classification, a conglomerate composed largely of granule-size clasts would be called a granule conglomerate ; a conglomerate composed largely of pebble-size clasts would be called a pebble conglomerate ; and a conglomerate composed largely of cobble-size clasts would be called a cobble conglomerate.

Deepwater marine In turbidites, the basal part of a bed is typically coarse-grained and sometimes conglomeratic. In this setting, conglomerates are normally very well sorted, well-rounded and often with a strong A-axis type imbrication of the clasts. Conglomerates are normally present at the base of sequences laid down during marine transgressions above an unconformity, and are known as basal conglomerates.

They represent the position of the shoreline at a particular time and are diachronous. Conglomerates deposited in fluvial environments are typically well rounded and well sorted. Clasts of this size are carried as bedload and only at times of high flow-rate. The maximum clast size decreases as the clasts are transported further due to attrition, so conglomerates are more characteristic of immature river systems.

In the sediments deposited by mature rivers, conglomerates are generally confined to the basal part of a channel fill where they are known as pebble lags.

Conglomerate Conglomerateis a sedimentary rock formed from rounded gravel and boulder sized clasts cemented together in a matrix. The rounding of the clasts indicates that they have been transported some distance from their original source e.